fixes #9355 deprecate visualize_transition (#12287)

* added deprecation warnings and decorators to transition_visualization.py

* fixed style with tox -epy310 -eblack

* added release notes

* added to warning category=DeprecationWarning and stacklevel=2

* Update releasenotes/notes/deprecate-visualize_transition-8c1d257b7f37aa58.yaml

Co-authored-by: atharva-satpute <55058959+atharva-satpute@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update releasenotes/notes/deprecate-visualize_transition-8c1d257b7f37aa58.yaml

Co-authored-by: atharva-satpute <55058959+atharva-satpute@users.noreply.github.com>

* Apply suggestions from code review

* Fix lint complaint

---------

Co-authored-by: atharva-satpute <55058959+atharva-satpute@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Matthew Treinish <mtreinish@kortar.org>
Co-authored-by: Elena Peña Tapia <57907331+ElePT@users.noreply.github.com>

qiskit/visualization/transition_visualization.py

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ from math import sin, cos, acos, sqrt
 import numpy as np
 
 from qiskit.exceptions import MissingOptionalLibraryError
+from qiskit.utils.deprecation import deprecate_func
 
 
 def _normalize(v, tolerance=0.00001):
@@ -121,6 +122,10 @@ class _Quaternion:
         return np.linalg.norm(v)
 
 
+@deprecate_func(
+    since="1.2.0",
+    removal_timeline="in the 2.0 release",
+)
 def visualize_transition(circuit, trace=False, saveas=None, fpg=100, spg=2):
     """
     Creates animation showing transitions between states of a single

releasenotes/notes/deprecate-visualize_transition-8c1d257b7f37aa58.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+deprecations_visualization:
+  - |
+    The :func:`.transition_visualization` function has been deprecated and will
+    be removed in the 2.0.0 release. This function had a number of limitations
+    which limited it's utility to only very specific use cases and didn't fit in with
+    the rest of the Qiskit visualization module.