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---
title: characterization (v0.29)
description: API reference for qiskit.ignis.characterization in qiskit v0.29
in_page_toc_min_heading_level: 2
python_api_type: module
python_api_name: qiskit.ignis.characterization
---
<span id="module-qiskit.ignis.characterization" />
<span id="qiskit-ignis-characterization" />
<span id="characterization-qiskit-ignis-characterization" />
# Characterization
`qiskit.ignis.characterization`
## Calibrations
| | |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| [`rabi_schedules`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.rabi_schedules "qiskit.ignis.characterization.rabi_schedules")(amp\_list, qubits, pulse\_width) | Generates schedules for a rabi experiment using a Gaussian pulse |
| [`drag_schedules`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.drag_schedules "qiskit.ignis.characterization.drag_schedules")(beta\_list, qubits, pulse\_amp, …) | Generates schedules for a drag experiment doing a pulse then the - pulse |
| [`RabiFitter`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.RabiFitter "qiskit.ignis.characterization.RabiFitter")(backend\_result, xdata, qubits, fit\_p0) | Rabi Experiment fitter |
| [`DragFitter`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.DragFitter "qiskit.ignis.characterization.DragFitter")(backend\_result, xdata, qubits, fit\_p0) | Drag Experiment fitter |
| [`get_single_q_pulse`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.get_single_q_pulse "qiskit.ignis.characterization.get_single_q_pulse")(inst\_map, qubits) | Get the DRAG parameters for the single qubit pulse |
| [`update_u_gates`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.update_u_gates "qiskit.ignis.characterization.update_u_gates")(drag\_params\[, …]) | Update the cmd\_def with new single qubit gate values |
## Coherence
Design and analyze experiments for characterizing device coherence (e.g. T1, T2). See the following example of T1 estimation.
Generation of coherence circuits: these circuits set the qubit in the excited state, wait different time intervals, then measure the qubit.
```python
import numpy as np
from qiskit.ignis.characterization.coherence import t1_circuits
num_of_gates = np.linspace(10, 300, 5, dtype='int')
gate_time = 0.1
# Note that it is possible to measure several qubits in parallel
qubits = [0, 2]
t1_circs, t1_xdata = t1_circuits(num_of_gates, gate_time, qubits)
```
Backend execution: actually performing the experiment on the device (or simulator).
```python
import qiskit
from qiskit.providers.aer.noise.errors.standard_errors \
import thermal_relaxation_error
from qiskit.providers.aer.noise import NoiseModel
backend = qiskit.Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')
shots = 400
# Let the simulator simulate the following times for qubits 0 and 2:
t_q0 = 25.0
t_q2 = 15.0
# Define T\ :sub:`1` noise:
t1_noise_model = NoiseModel()
t1_noise_model.add_quantum_error(
thermal_relaxation_error(t_q0, 2*t_q0, gate_time),
'id', [0])
t1_noise_model.add_quantum_error(
thermal_relaxation_error(t_q2, 2*t_q2, gate_time),
'id', [2])
# Run the simulator
t1_backend_result = qiskit.execute(t1_circs, backend, shots=shots,
noise_model=t1_noise_model,
optimization_level=0).result()
```
Analysis of results: deduction of T1, based on the experiments outcomes.
```python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from qiskit.ignis.characterization.coherence import T1Fitter
plt.figure(figsize=(15, 6))
t1_fit = T1Fitter(t1_backend_result, t1_xdata, qubits,
fit_p0=[1, t_q0, 0],
fit_bounds=([0, 0, -1], [2, 40, 1]))
print(t1_fit.time())
print(t1_fit.time_err())
print(t1_fit.params)
print(t1_fit.params_err)
for i in range(2):
ax = plt.subplot(1, 2, i+1)
t1_fit.plot(i, ax=ax)
plt.show()
```
```
[20.387477708397842, 15.911648881724071]
[6.838825364287641, 1.1350551736137686]
{'0': [array([ 0.88740997, 20.38747771, 0.11572595]), array([ 9.82462992e-01, 1.59116489e+01, -1.13297798e-02])]}
{'0': [array([0.15008093, 6.83882536, 0.15790438]), array([0.0267562 , 1.13505517, 0.02935192])]}
```
![../\_images/characterization\_2\_1.png](/images/api/qiskit/0.29/characterization_2_1.png)
Combine with new results:
```python
t1_backend_result_new = qiskit.execute(t1_circs, backend,
shots=shots,
noise_model=t1_noise_model,
optimization_level=0).result()
t1_fit.add_data(t1_backend_result_new)
plt.figure(figsize=(15, 6))
for i in range(2):
ax = plt.subplot(1, 2, i+1)
t1_fit.plot(i, ax=ax)
plt.show()
```
![../\_images/characterization\_3\_0.png](/images/api/qiskit/0.29/characterization_3_0.png)
| | |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [`t1_circuits`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.t1_circuits "qiskit.ignis.characterization.t1_circuits")(num\_of\_gates, gate\_time, qubits) | Generate circuits for T1 measurement. |
| [`t2_circuits`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.t2_circuits "qiskit.ignis.characterization.t2_circuits")(num\_of\_gates, gate\_time, qubits) | Generate circuits for T2 (echo) measurement, by a CPMG sequence. |
| [`t2star_circuits`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.t2star_circuits "qiskit.ignis.characterization.t2star_circuits")(num\_of\_gates, gate\_time, qubits) | Generate circuits for T2\* measurement. |
| [`T1Fitter`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.T1Fitter "qiskit.ignis.characterization.T1Fitter")(backend\_result, xdata, qubits, …) | Estimate T1, based on experiments outcomes, |
| [`T2Fitter`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.T2Fitter "qiskit.ignis.characterization.T2Fitter")(backend\_result, xdata, qubits, …) | Estimate T2, based on experiments outcomes. |
| [`T2StarFitter`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.T2StarFitter "qiskit.ignis.characterization.T2StarFitter")(backend\_result, xdata, qubits, …) | Estimate T2\*, based on experiments outcomes. |
## Gates
| | |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [`ampcal_1Q_circuits`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.ampcal_1Q_circuits "qiskit.ignis.characterization.ampcal_1Q_circuits")(max\_reps, qubits) | Generates circuit for measuring the amplitude error of the single qubit gates |
| [`anglecal_1Q_circuits`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.anglecal_1Q_circuits "qiskit.ignis.characterization.anglecal_1Q_circuits")(max\_reps, qubits\[, …]) | Generates circuit for measuring the angle error of the single qubit gate |
| [`ampcal_cx_circuits`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.ampcal_cx_circuits "qiskit.ignis.characterization.ampcal_cx_circuits")(max\_reps, qubits, …) | Generates circuit for measuring the amplitude error of the cx gate |
| [`anglecal_cx_circuits`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.anglecal_cx_circuits "qiskit.ignis.characterization.anglecal_cx_circuits")(max\_reps, qubits, …) | Generates circuit for measuring the angle error of the cx gate |
| [`AmpCalFitter`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.AmpCalFitter "qiskit.ignis.characterization.AmpCalFitter")(backend\_result, xdata, qubits, …) | Amplitude error fitter |
| [`AngleCalFitter`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.AngleCalFitter "qiskit.ignis.characterization.AngleCalFitter")(backend\_result, xdata, …) | Amplitude error fitter |
| [`AmpCalCXFitter`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.AmpCalCXFitter "qiskit.ignis.characterization.AmpCalCXFitter")(backend\_result, xdata, …) | Amplitude error fitter |
| [`AngleCalCXFitter`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.AngleCalCXFitter "qiskit.ignis.characterization.AngleCalCXFitter")(backend\_result, xdata, …) | Amplitude error fitter |
## Hamiltonian
| | |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| [`zz_circuits`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.zz_circuits "qiskit.ignis.characterization.zz_circuits")(num\_of\_gates, gate\_time, qubits, …) | Generates circuit for measuring ZZ. |
| [`ZZFitter`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.ZZFitter "qiskit.ignis.characterization.ZZFitter")(backend\_result, xdata, qubits, …) | ZZ fitter |
## Base Fitters
| | |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| [`BaseCoherenceFitter`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.BaseCoherenceFitter "qiskit.ignis.characterization.BaseCoherenceFitter")(description, …\[, …]) | Base class for fitters of characteristic times |
| [`BaseGateFitter`](qiskit.ignis.characterization.BaseGateFitter "qiskit.ignis.characterization.BaseGateFitter")(description, backend\_result, …) | Base class for fitters of gate errors |
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