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---
title: P_BFGS
description: API reference for qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS
in_page_toc_min_heading_level: 1
python_api_type: class
python_api_name: qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS
---
<span id="p-bfgs" />
# P\_BFGS
<Class id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS" isDedicatedPage={true} github="https://github.com/qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/0.45/qiskit/algorithms/optimizers/p_bfgs.py" signature="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS(maxfun=1000, ftol=2.220446049250313e-15, iprint=-1, max_processes=None, options=None, max_evals_grouped=1, **kwargs)" modifiers="class">
Bases: [`SciPyOptimizer`](qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.SciPyOptimizer "qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.scipy_optimizer.SciPyOptimizer")
Parallelized Limited-memory BFGS optimizer.
P-BFGS is a parallelized version of [`L_BFGS_B`](qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.L_BFGS_B "qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.L_BFGS_B") with which it shares the same parameters. P-BFGS can be useful when the target hardware is a quantum simulator running on a classical machine. This allows the multiple processes to use simulation to potentially reach a minimum faster. The parallelization may also help the optimizer avoid getting stuck at local optima.
Uses scipy.optimize.fmin\_l\_bfgs\_b. For further detail, please refer to [https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.optimize.fmin\_l\_bfgs\_b.html](https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.optimize.fmin_l_bfgs_b.html)
**Parameters**
* **maxfun** ([*int*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int "(in Python v3.12)")) Maximum number of function evaluations.
* **ftol** (*SupportsFloat*) The iteration stops when (f^k - f^\{k+1})/max\{|f^k|,|f^\{k+1}|,1} \<= ftol.
* **iprint** ([*int*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int "(in Python v3.12)")) Controls the frequency of output. iprint \< 0 means no output; iprint = 0 print only one line at the last iteration; 0 \< iprint \< 99 print also f and |proj g| every iprint iterations; iprint = 99 print details of every iteration except n-vectors; iprint = 100 print also the changes of active set and final x; iprint > 100 print details of every iteration including x and g.
* **max\_processes** ([*int*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int "(in Python v3.12)") *| None*) maximum number of processes allowed, has a min. value of 1 if not None.
* **options** ([*dict*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict "(in Python v3.12)") *| None*) A dictionary of solver options.
* **max\_evals\_grouped** ([*int*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int "(in Python v3.12)")) Max number of default gradient evaluations performed simultaneously.
* **kwargs** additional kwargs for scipy.optimize.minimize.
## Attributes
### bounds\_support\_level
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.bounds_support_level">
Returns bounds support level
</Attribute>
### gradient\_support\_level
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.gradient_support_level">
Returns gradient support level
</Attribute>
### initial\_point\_support\_level
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.initial_point_support_level">
Returns initial point support level
</Attribute>
### is\_bounds\_ignored
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.is_bounds_ignored">
Returns is bounds ignored
</Attribute>
### is\_bounds\_required
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.is_bounds_required">
Returns is bounds required
</Attribute>
### is\_bounds\_supported
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.is_bounds_supported">
Returns is bounds supported
</Attribute>
### is\_gradient\_ignored
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.is_gradient_ignored">
Returns is gradient ignored
</Attribute>
### is\_gradient\_required
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.is_gradient_required">
Returns is gradient required
</Attribute>
### is\_gradient\_supported
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.is_gradient_supported">
Returns is gradient supported
</Attribute>
### is\_initial\_point\_ignored
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.is_initial_point_ignored">
Returns is initial point ignored
</Attribute>
### is\_initial\_point\_required
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.is_initial_point_required">
Returns is initial point required
</Attribute>
### is\_initial\_point\_supported
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.is_initial_point_supported">
Returns is initial point supported
</Attribute>
### setting
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.setting">
Return setting
</Attribute>
### settings
<Attribute id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.settings" />
## Methods
### get\_support\_level
<Function id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.get_support_level" signature="get_support_level()">
Return support level dictionary
</Function>
### gradient\_num\_diff
<Function id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.gradient_num_diff" signature="gradient_num_diff(x_center, f, epsilon, max_evals_grouped=None)" modifiers="static">
We compute the gradient with the numeric differentiation in the parallel way, around the point x\_center.
**Parameters**
* **x\_center** (*ndarray*) point around which we compute the gradient
* **f** (*func*) the function of which the gradient is to be computed.
* **epsilon** ([*float*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float "(in Python v3.12)")) the epsilon used in the numeric differentiation.
* **max\_evals\_grouped** ([*int*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int "(in Python v3.12)")) max evals grouped, defaults to 1 (i.e. no batching).
**Returns**
the gradient computed
**Return type**
grad
</Function>
### minimize
<Function id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.minimize" signature="minimize(fun, x0, jac=None, bounds=None)">
Minimize the scalar function.
**Parameters**
* **fun** (*Callable\[\[POINT],* [*float*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float "(in Python v3.12)")*]*) The scalar function to minimize.
* **x0** (*POINT*) The initial point for the minimization.
* **jac** (*Callable\[\[POINT], POINT] | None*) The gradient of the scalar function `fun`.
* **bounds** ([*list*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list "(in Python v3.12)")*\[*[*tuple*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple "(in Python v3.12)")*\[*[*float*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float "(in Python v3.12)")*,* [*float*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float "(in Python v3.12)")*]] | None*) Bounds for the variables of `fun`. This argument might be ignored if the optimizer does not support bounds.
**Returns**
The result of the optimization, containing e.g. the result as attribute `x`.
**Return type**
[OptimizerResult](qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.OptimizerResult "qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.OptimizerResult")
</Function>
### print\_options
<Function id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.print_options" signature="print_options()">
Print algorithm-specific options.
</Function>
### set\_max\_evals\_grouped
<Function id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.set_max_evals_grouped" signature="set_max_evals_grouped(limit)">
Set max evals grouped
</Function>
### set\_options
<Function id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.set_options" signature="set_options(**kwargs)">
Sets or updates values in the options dictionary.
The options dictionary may be used internally by a given optimizer to pass additional optional values for the underlying optimizer/optimization function used. The options dictionary may be initially populated with a set of key/values when the given optimizer is constructed.
**Parameters**
**kwargs** ([*dict*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict "(in Python v3.12)")) options, given as name=value.
</Function>
### wrap\_function
<Function id="qiskit.algorithms.optimizers.P_BFGS.wrap_function" signature="wrap_function(function, args)" modifiers="static">
Wrap the function to implicitly inject the args at the call of the function.
**Parameters**
* **function** (*func*) the target function
* **args** ([*tuple*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple "(in Python v3.12)")) the args to be injected
**Returns**
wrapper
**Return type**
function\_wrapper
</Function>
</Class>