Dioptas/dioptas/resources/data/periodic_table.json

{"Ru": {"Electrical resistivity": "7.1 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>7</sup>.5s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.30", "Molar volume": "8.17 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "2607 K", "Bulk modulus": "220 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "6.5", "Mendeleev no": 62, "Atomic no": 44, "Boiling point": "4423 K", "Common oxidation states": [3, 4], "Brinell hardness": "2160 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "12370 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "120 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Ruthenium", "Atomic mass": 101.07, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6.4 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "173 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "447 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "5970 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Liquid range": "1816 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.78, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.49 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"8": 0.5, "3": 0.82, "4": 0.76, "5": 0.705, "7": 0.52}, "Atomic radius": 1.3}, "Ni": {"Electrical resistivity": "7.2 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>8</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 2, 3, 4], "Reflectivity": "72 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.31", "Molar volume": "6.59 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Ionic radii ls": {"2": 0.83, "3": 0.7, "4": 0.62}, "Van der waals radius": 1.63, "Ionic radii hs": {"3": 0.74}, "Melting point": "1728 K", "Bulk modulus": "180 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "4.0", "Mendeleev no": 67, "Atomic no": 28, "Boiling point": "3186 K", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Brinell hardness": "700 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "8908 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "91 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Nickel", "Atomic mass": 58.6934, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "13.4 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "76 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "200 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "4970 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.91, "Liquid range": "1458 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.49, "Vickers hardness": "638 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.74}, "Atomic radius": 1.35}, "Na": {"Electrical resistivity": "4.9 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "23.78 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.27, "Melting point": "370.87 K", "Bulk modulus": "6.3 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "0.5", "Mendeleev no": 11, "Atomic no": 11, "Boiling point": "1156 K", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Brinell hardness": "0.69 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "968 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "140 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "2573 K", "Name": "Sodium", "Atomic mass": 22.98976928, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "71 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "3.3 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "10 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3200 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 0.93, "Liquid range": "785.13 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.9, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.16}, "Atomic radius": 1.8}, "Nb": {"Electrical resistivity": "15.2 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>4</sup>.5s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.40", "Molar volume": "10.83 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "2750 K", "Bulk modulus": "170 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "6.0", "Mendeleev no": 53, "Atomic no": 41, "Boiling point": "5017 K", "Common oxidation states": [5], "Brinell hardness": "736 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "8570 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "54 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Niobium", "Atomic mass": 92.90638, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "7.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "38 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "105 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3480 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.6, "Liquid range": "2267 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.98, "Vickers hardness": "1320 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "9.25 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.86, "4": 0.82, "5": 0.78}, "Atomic radius": 1.45}, "Nd": {"Electrical resistivity": "64.3 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>4</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Molar volume": "20.59 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1297 K", "Bulk modulus": "32 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 30, "Atomic no": 60, "Boiling point": "3373 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "265 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "6800 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "17 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Neodymium", "Atomic mass": 144.242, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "9.6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "16 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "41 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2330 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.14, "Liquid range": "2076 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.06, "Vickers hardness": "343 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.43, "3": 1.123}, "Atomic radius": 1.85}, "Ne": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Neon", "Atomic mass": 20.1797, "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>.2p<sup>6</sup>", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Molar volume": "13.23 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.54, "Velocity of sound": "936 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.0491 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Liquid range": "2.51 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.38, "Melting point": "24.56 K", "Min oxidation state": 0.0, "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 2, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 10, "Critical temperature": "44.4 K", "Boiling point": "27.07 K", "Refractive index": "1.000067", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Max oxidation state": 0.0, "Atomic radius": "no data"}, "Re": {"Electrical resistivity": "18 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>5</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.30", "Molar volume": "8.86 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "3459 K", "Bulk modulus": "370 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "7.0", "Mendeleev no": 58, "Atomic no": 75, "Boiling point": "5869 K", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Brinell hardness": "1320 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "21020 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "48 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Rhenium", "Atomic mass": 186.207, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "178 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "463 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "4700 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.9, "Liquid range": "2410 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.88, "Vickers hardness": "2450 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "1.70 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.77, "5": 0.72, "6": 0.69, "7": 0.67}, "Atomic radius": 1.35}, "Ra": {"Electrical resistivity": "100 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "41.09 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.83, "Melting point": "973 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 13, "Atomic no": 88, "Boiling point": "2010 K", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "5000 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "19 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Radium", "Atomic mass": 226.0, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 0.9, "Liquid range": "1037 K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.62}, "Atomic radius": 2.15}, "Rb": {"Electrical resistivity": "13.3 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].5s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "55.76 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 3.03, "Melting point": "312.46 K", "Bulk modulus": "2.5 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "0.3", "Mendeleev no": 9, "Atomic no": 37, "Boiling point": "961 K", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Brinell hardness": "0.216 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "1532 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "58 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "2093 K", "Name": "Rubidium", "Atomic mass": 85.4678, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "2.4 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "1300 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 0.82, "Liquid range": "648.54 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.65, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.66}, "Atomic radius": 2.35}, "Np": {"Electrical resistivity": "120 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>4</sup>.6d<sup>1</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "11.59 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "910 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 44, "Atomic no": 93, "Boiling point": "4273 K", "Common oxidation states": [5], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "20450 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "6 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Neptunium", "Atomic mass": 237.0, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.36, "Liquid range": "3363 K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.24, "3": 1.15, "4": 1.01, "5": 0.89, "6": 0.86, "7": 0.85}, "Atomic radius": 1.75}, "Rn": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Radon", "Atomic mass": 220.0, "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>.6p<sup>6</sup>", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Molar volume": "50.50 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.2, "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.00361 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Liquid range": "9.3 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.2, "Melting point": "202 K", "Min oxidation state": 0.0, "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 6, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 86, "Critical temperature": "377 K", "Boiling point": "211.3 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Max oxidation state": 0.0, "Atomic radius": "no data"}, "Rh": {"Electrical resistivity": "4.3 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>8</sup>.5s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Reflectivity": "84 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.26", "Molar volume": "8.28 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "2237 K", "Bulk modulus": "380 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "6.0", "Mendeleev no": 65, "Atomic no": 45, "Boiling point": "3968 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "1100 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "12450 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "150 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Rhodium", "Atomic mass": 102.9055, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "8.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "150 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "275 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "4700 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.28, "Liquid range": "1731 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.73, "Vickers hardness": "1246 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.805, "4": 0.74, "5": 0.69}, "Atomic radius": 1.35}, "Be": {"Electrical resistivity": "3.8 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.032", "Molar volume": "4.85 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.53, "Melting point": "1560 K", "Bulk modulus": "130 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "5.5", "Mendeleev no": 77, "Atomic no": 4, "Boiling point": "2742 K", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Brinell hardness": "600 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "1848 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "190 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Beryllium", "Atomic mass": 9.012182, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "132 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "287 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "13000 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.57, "Liquid range": "1182 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.12, "Vickers hardness": "1670 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.026 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.59}, "Atomic radius": 1.05}, "Fr": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].7s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "no data cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 3.48, "Melting point": "maybe about 300 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 7, "Atomic no": 87, "Boiling point": "no data K", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Francium", "Atomic mass": 223.0, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 0.7, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.94}, "Atomic radius": "no data"}, "Ba": {"Electrical resistivity": "34 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "38.16 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.68, "Melting point": "1000 K", "Bulk modulus": "9.6 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "1.25", "Mendeleev no": 14, "Atomic no": 56, "Boiling point": "2143 K", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "3510 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "18 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Barium", "Atomic mass": 137.327, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "20.6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "4.9 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "13 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "1620 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 0.89, "Liquid range": "1143 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.53, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.49}, "Atomic radius": 2.15}, "No": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Nobelium", "Atomic mass": 259.0, "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>14</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Molar volume": "no data cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Refractive index": "no data", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Melting point": "about 1100 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 35, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 102, "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Atomic radius": "no data", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>"}, "Bi": {"Electrical resistivity": "130 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>.6p<sup>3</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-3, 3, 5], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.33", "Molar volume": "21.31 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.07, "Melting point": "544.4 K", "Bulk modulus": "31 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "2.25", "Mendeleev no": 87, "Atomic no": 83, "Boiling point": "1837 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "94.2 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "9780 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "8 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Bismuth", "Atomic mass": 208.9804, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "13.4 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "12 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "32 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "1790 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.02, "Liquid range": "1292.6 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.43, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.17, "5": 0.9}, "Atomic radius": 1.6}, "Bk": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>9</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [3, 4], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "16.84 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1259 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 40, "Atomic no": 97, "Boiling point": "no data K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "14780 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "10 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Berkelium", "Atomic mass": 247.0, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.1, "4": 0.97}, "Atomic radius": "no data"}, "Fe": {"Electrical resistivity": "10 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>6</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Reflectivity": "65 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.29", "Molar volume": "7.09 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Ionic radii ls": {"2": 0.75, "3": 0.69, "4": 0.725, "6": 0.39}, "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Ionic radii hs": {"2": 0.92, "3": 0.785}, "Melting point": "1811 K", "Bulk modulus": "170 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "4.0", "Mendeleev no": 61, "Atomic no": 26, "Boiling point": "3134 K", "Common oxidation states": [2, 3], "Brinell hardness": "490 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "7874 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "80 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Iron", "Atomic mass": 55.845, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11.8 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "82 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "211 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "4910 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.83, "Liquid range": "1323 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.56, "Vickers hardness": "608 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.92, "3": 0.785}, "Atomic radius": 1.4}, "Br": {"Electrical resistivity": "&gt; 10<sup>18</sup>10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>.4p<sup>5</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "19.78 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.85, "Melting point": "265.8 K", "Bulk modulus": "1.9 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 98, "Atomic no": 35, "Boiling point": "332 K", "Common oxidation states": [-1, 1, 3, 5, 7], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.12 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "586 K", "Name": "Bromine", "Atomic mass": 79.904, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.96, "Liquid range": "66.2 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.94, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "1.001132", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.73, "5": 0.45, "-1": 1.82, "7": 0.53}, "Atomic radius": 1.15}, "K": {"Electrical resistivity": "7.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].4s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "45.94 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.75, "Melting point": "336.53 K", "Bulk modulus": "3.1 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "0.4", "Mendeleev no": 10, "Atomic no": 19, "Boiling point": "1032 K", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Brinell hardness": "0.363 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "856 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "100 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "2223 K", "Name": "Potassium", "Atomic mass": 39.0983, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "1.3 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2000 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 0.82, "Liquid range": "695.47 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.43, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.52}, "Atomic radius": 2.2}, "Fm": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Fermium", "Atomic mass": 257.0, "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>12</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Molar volume": "no data cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Refractive index": "no data", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Melting point": "about 1800 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 37, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 100, "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Atomic radius": "no data", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>"}, "B": {"Electrical resistivity": "&gt; 10<sup>12</sup>10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>.2p<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "4.39 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.92, "Melting point": "2349 K", "Bulk modulus": "320 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "9.3", "Mendeleev no": 86, "Atomic no": 5, "Boiling point": "4200 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "2460 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "27 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Boron", "Atomic mass": 10.811, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "16200 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.04, "Liquid range": "1851 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.87, "Vickers hardness": "49000 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.41}, "Atomic radius": 0.85}, "F": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>.2p<sup>5</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "11.20 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.47, "Melting point": "53.53 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 102, "Atomic no": 9, "Boiling point": "85.03 K", "Common oxidation states": [-1], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.0277 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "144 K", "Name": "Fluorine", "Atomic mass": 18.9984032, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 3.98, "Liquid range": "31.5 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.42, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "1.000195", "Ionic radii": {"-1": 1.19, "7": 0.22}, "Atomic radius": 0.5}, "H": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Hydrogen", "Atomic mass": 1.00794, "Electronic structure": "1s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1], "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Molar volume": "11.42 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.2, "Refractive index": "1.000132 (gas; liquid 1.12)(no units)", "Velocity of sound": "1270 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Liquid range": "6.27 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.53, "Melting point": "14.01 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 103, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 1, "Critical temperature": "33 K", "Boiling point": "20.28 K", "Common oxidation states": [-1, 1], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Atomic radius": 0.25, "Thermal conductivity": "0.1805 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>"}, "Dy": {"Electrical resistivity": "92.6 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.25", "Molar volume": "19.01 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1680 K", "Bulk modulus": "41 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 24, "Atomic no": 66, "Boiling point": "2840 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "500 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "8551 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "11 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Dysprosium", "Atomic mass": 162.5, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "9.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "25 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "61 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2710 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.22, "Liquid range": "1160 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.28, "Vickers hardness": "540 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.21, "3": 1.052}, "Atomic radius": 1.75}, "Lu": {"Electrical resistivity": "58 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>1</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.26", "Molar volume": "17.78 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1925 K", "Bulk modulus": "48 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 20, "Atomic no": 71, "Boiling point": "3675 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "893 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "9841 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "16 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Lutetium", "Atomic mass": 174.967, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "9.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "27 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "69 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.27, "Liquid range": "1750 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.17, "Vickers hardness": "1160 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.022 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.001}, "Atomic radius": 1.75}, "Ac": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].6d<sup>1</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "22.55 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1323 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 48, "Atomic no": 89, "Boiling point": "3573 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "10070 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "12 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Actinium", "Atomic mass": 227.0, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.1, "Liquid range": "2250 K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.26}, "Atomic radius": 1.95}, "N": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>.2p<sup>3</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "13.54 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.55, "Melting point": "63.05 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 100, "Atomic no": 7, "Boiling point": "77.36 K", "Common oxidation states": [-3, 3, 5], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.02583 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "126.2 K", "Name": "Nitrogen", "Atomic mass": 14.0067, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "333.6 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 3.04, "Liquid range": "14.31 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.56, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "1.000298 (gas; liquid 1.197)(no units)", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.3, "-3": 1.32, "5": 0.27}, "Atomic radius": 0.65}, "P": {"Electrical resistivity": "about 10 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>.3p<sup>3</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "17.02 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.8, "Melting point": "(white P) 317.3 K", "Bulk modulus": "11 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 90, "Atomic no": 15, "Boiling point": "550 K", "Common oxidation states": [-3, 3, 5], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "1823 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.236 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "994 K", "Name": "Phosphorus", "Atomic mass": 30.973762, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.19, "Liquid range": "232.7 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.98, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "1.001212", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.58, "5": 0.52}, "Atomic radius": 1.0}, "Si": {"Electrical resistivity": "about 10000010<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>.3p<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4], "Reflectivity": "28 %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "12.06 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.1, "Melting point": "1687 K", "Bulk modulus": "100 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "6.5", "Mendeleev no": 85, "Atomic no": 14, "Boiling point": "3173 K", "Common oxidation states": [-4, 4], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "2330 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "150 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Silicon", "Atomic mass": 28.0855, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "2.6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "47 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2200 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.9, "Liquid range": "1486 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.11, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.54}, "Atomic radius": 1.1}, "Sn": {"Electrical resistivity": "11.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>.5p<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-4, 2, 4], "Reflectivity": "54 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.36", "Molar volume": "16.29 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.17, "Melting point": "505.08 K", "Bulk modulus": "58 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "1.5", "Mendeleev no": 83, "Atomic no": 50, "Boiling point": "2875 K", "Common oxidation states": [-4, 2, 4], "Brinell hardness": "51 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "7310 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "67 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Tin", "Atomic mass": 118.71, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "22 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "18 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "50 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2500 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.96, "Liquid range": "2369.92 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.45, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "3.72 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.83}, "Atomic radius": 1.45}, "Sm": {"Electrical resistivity": "94 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>6</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.27", "Molar volume": "19.98 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1345 K", "Bulk modulus": "38 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 28, "Atomic no": 62, "Boiling point": "2076 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "441 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "7353 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "13 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Samarium", "Atomic mass": 150.36, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "12.7 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "20 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "50 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2130 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.17, "Liquid range": "731 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.38, "Vickers hardness": "412 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.36, "3": 1.0979999999999999}, "Atomic radius": 1.85}, "V": {"Electrical resistivity": "20 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>3</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Reflectivity": "61 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.37", "Molar volume": "8.32 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "2183 K", "Bulk modulus": "160 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "7.0", "Mendeleev no": 54, "Atomic no": 23, "Boiling point": "3680 K", "Common oxidation states": [5], "Brinell hardness": "628 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "6110 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "31 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Vanadium", "Atomic mass": 50.9415, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "8.4 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "47 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "128 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "4560 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.63, "Liquid range": "1497 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.71, "Vickers hardness": "628 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "5.40 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.93, "3": 0.78, "4": 0.72, "5": 0.68}, "Atomic radius": 1.35}, "Sc": {"Electrical resistivity": "about 55 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>1</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Molar volume": "15.00 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.11, "Melting point": "1814 K", "Bulk modulus": "57 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 19, "Atomic no": 21, "Boiling point": "3103 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "750 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "2985 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "16 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Scandium", "Atomic mass": 44.955912, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "10.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "29 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "74 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.36, "Liquid range": "1289 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.84, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.05  (under pressure)K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.885}, "Atomic radius": 1.6}, "Sb": {"Electrical resistivity": "40 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>.5p<sup>3</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-3, 3, 5], "Reflectivity": "55 %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "18.19 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.06, "Melting point": "903.78 K", "Bulk modulus": "42 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "3.0", "Mendeleev no": 88, "Atomic no": 51, "Boiling point": "1860 K", "Common oxidation states": [-3, 3, 5], "Brinell hardness": "294 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "6697 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "24 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Antimony", "Atomic mass": 121.76, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "20 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "55 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3420 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.05, "Liquid range": "956.22 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.33, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.9, "5": 0.76}, "Atomic radius": 1.45}, "Os": {"Electrical resistivity": "8.1 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>6</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.25", "Molar volume": "8.42 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "3306 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "7.0", "Mendeleev no": 63, "Atomic no": 76, "Boiling point": "5285 K", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Brinell hardness": "3920 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "22610 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "88 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Osmium", "Atomic mass": 190.23, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "5.1 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "222 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "4940 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Liquid range": "1979 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.85, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.66 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"8": 0.53, "4": 0.77, "5": 0.715, "6": 0.685, "7": 0.665}, "Atomic radius": 1.3}, "Se": {"Electrical resistivity": "high10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>.4p<sup>4</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 6], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.33", "Molar volume": "16.42 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.9, "Melting point": "494 K", "Bulk modulus": "8.3 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "2.0", "Mendeleev no": 93, "Atomic no": 34, "Boiling point": "958 K", "Common oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 6], "Brinell hardness": "736 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "4819 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.52 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "1766 K", "Name": "Selenium", "Atomic mass": 78.96, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "3.7 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "10 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3350 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.55, "Liquid range": "464 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.03, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "1.000895", "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.64, "-2": 1.84, "6": 0.56}, "Atomic radius": 1.15}, "Co": {"Electrical resistivity": "6 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>7</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Reflectivity": "67 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.31", "Molar volume": "6.67 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Ionic radii ls": {"2": 0.79, "3": 0.685}, "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Ionic radii hs": {"2": 0.885, "3": 0.75, "4": 0.67}, "Melting point": "1768 K", "Bulk modulus": "180 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "5.0", "Mendeleev no": 64, "Atomic no": 27, "Boiling point": "3200 K", "Common oxidation states": [2, 3], "Brinell hardness": "700 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "8900 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "100 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Cobalt", "Atomic mass": 58.933195, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "13.0 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "75 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "209 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "4720 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.88, "Liquid range": "1432 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.52, "Vickers hardness": "1043 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.885, "3": 0.75, "4": 0.67}, "Atomic radius": 1.35}, "Cm": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>7</sup>.6d<sup>1</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [3, 4], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "18.05 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1613 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 41, "Atomic no": 96, "Boiling point": "3383 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "13510 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "8.8 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Curium", "Atomic mass": 247.0, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Liquid range": "1770 K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.11, "4": 0.99}, "Atomic radius": "no data"}, "Cl": {"Electrical resistivity": "&gt; 10<sup>10</sup>10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>.3p<sup>5</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "17.39 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.75, "Melting point": "171.6 K", "Bulk modulus": "1.1 (liquid)GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 99, "Atomic no": 17, "Boiling point": "239.11 K", "Common oxidation states": [-1, 1, 3, 5, 7], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.0089 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "417 K", "Name": "Chlorine", "Atomic mass": 35.453, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "206 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 3.16, "Liquid range": "67.51 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.79, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "1.000773", "Ionic radii": {"5": 0.26, "-1": 1.67, "7": 0.41}, "Atomic radius": 1.0}, "Ca": {"Electrical resistivity": "3.4 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].4s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.31", "Molar volume": "26.20 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.31, "Melting point": "1115 K", "Bulk modulus": "17 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "1.75", "Mendeleev no": 16, "Atomic no": 20, "Boiling point": "1757 K", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Brinell hardness": "167 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "1550 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "200 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Calcium", "Atomic mass": 40.078, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "22.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "7.4 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "20 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3810 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.0, "Liquid range": "642 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.94, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.14}, "Atomic radius": 1.8}, "Cf": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>10</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "16.50 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1173 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 39, "Atomic no": 98, "Boiling point": "no data K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "15100 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Californium", "Atomic mass": 251.0, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.09, "4": 0.961}, "Atomic radius": "no data"}, "Ce": {"Electrical resistivity": "74 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>1</sup>.5d<sup>1</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.24", "Molar volume": "20.69 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1068 K", "Bulk modulus": "22 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "2.5", "Mendeleev no": 32, "Atomic no": 58, "Boiling point": "3633 K", "Common oxidation states": [3, 4], "Brinell hardness": "412 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "6689 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "11 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Cerium", "Atomic mass": 140.116, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "14 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "34 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2100 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.12, "Liquid range": "2565 K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "270 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.022  (under pressure)K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.15, "4": 1.01}, "Atomic radius": 1.85}, "Xe": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>.5p<sup>6</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "35.92 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.16, "Melting point": "161.4 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 5, "Atomic no": 54, "Boiling point": "165.1 K", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Max oxidation state": 8.0, "Thermal conductivity": "0.00565 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "289.7 K", "Name": "Xenon", "Atomic mass": 131.293, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "1090 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.6, "Liquid range": "3.7 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.08, "Min oxidation state": 2.0, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "1.000702", "Ionic radii": {"8": 0.62}, "Atomic radius": "no data"}, "Ge": {"Electrical resistivity": "about 5000010<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>.4p<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-4, 1, 2, 3, 4], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "13.63 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.11, "Melting point": "1211.4 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "6.0", "Mendeleev no": 84, "Atomic no": 32, "Boiling point": "3093 K", "Common oxidation states": [-4, 2, 4], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "5323 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "60 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Germanium", "Atomic mass": 72.64, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "5400 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.01, "Liquid range": "1881.6 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.25, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.87, "4": 0.67}, "Atomic radius": 1.25}, "Gd": {"Electrical resistivity": "131 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>7</sup>.5d<sup>1</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.26", "Molar volume": "19.90 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1585 K", "Bulk modulus": "38 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 27, "Atomic no": 64, "Boiling point": "3523 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "7901 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "11 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Gadolinium", "Atomic mass": 157.25, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "9.4 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "22 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "55 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2680 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.2, "Liquid range": "1938 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.33, "Vickers hardness": "570 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "1.083 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.075}, "Atomic radius": 1.8}, "Ga": {"Electrical resistivity": "about  14 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>.4p<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "11.80 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.87, "Melting point": "302.91 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "1.5", "Mendeleev no": 81, "Atomic no": 31, "Boiling point": "2477 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "60 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "5904 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "29 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Gallium", "Atomic mass": 69.723, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "120 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2740 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.81, "Liquid range": "2174.09 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.36, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "1.083 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.76}, "Atomic radius": 1.3}, "Cs": {"Electrical resistivity": "21 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].6s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "70.94 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 3.43, "Melting point": "301.59 K", "Bulk modulus": "1.6 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "0.2", "Mendeleev no": 8, "Atomic no": 55, "Boiling point": "944 K", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Brinell hardness": "0.14 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "1879 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "36 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "1938 K", "Name": "Cesium", "Atomic mass": 132.9054519, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "1.7 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 0.79, "Liquid range": "642.41 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.98, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.81}, "Atomic radius": 2.6}, "Cr": {"Electrical resistivity": "12.7 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>5</sup>.4s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.21", "Molar volume": "7.23 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Ionic radii ls": {"2": 0.87, "3": 0.755, "4": 0.69, "5": 0.63, "6": 0.58}, "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Ionic radii hs": {"2": 0.94}, "Melting point": "2180 K", "Bulk modulus": "160 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "8.5", "Mendeleev no": 57, "Atomic no": 24, "Boiling point": "2944 K", "Common oxidation states": [3, 6], "Brinell hardness": "1120 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "7140 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "94 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Chromium", "Atomic mass": 51.9961, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "4.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "115 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "279 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "5940 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.66, "Liquid range": "764 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.66, "Vickers hardness": "1060 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.94}, "Atomic radius": 1.4}, "At": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>.6p<sup>5</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 3, 5], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "no data cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.02, "Melting point": "575 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 96, "Atomic no": 85, "Boiling point": "no data K", "Common oxidation states": [-1, 1], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "2 (estimate)W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Astatine", "Atomic mass": 210.0, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"7": 0.76}, "Atomic radius": "no data"}, "Cu": {"Electrical resistivity": "1.72 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3, 4], "Reflectivity": "90 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.34", "Molar volume": "7.11 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.4, "Melting point": "1357.77 K", "Bulk modulus": "140 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "3.0", "Mendeleev no": 72, "Atomic no": 29, "Boiling point": "3200 K", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Brinell hardness": "874 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "8920 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "400 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Copper", "Atomic mass": 63.546, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "16.5 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "48 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "130 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3570 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.9, "Liquid range": "1842.23 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.45, "Vickers hardness": "369 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"1": 0.91, "2": 0.87, "3": 0.68}, "Atomic radius": 1.35}, "Pr": {"Electrical resistivity": "70 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>3</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Molar volume": "20.80 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1208 K", "Bulk modulus": "29 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 31, "Atomic no": 59, "Boiling point": "3563 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "481 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "6640 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "13 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Praseodymium", "Atomic mass": 140.90765, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6.7 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "15 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "37 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2280 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.13, "Liquid range": "2355 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.47, "Vickers hardness": "400 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.13, "4": 0.99}, "Atomic radius": 1.85}, "Th": {"Electrical resistivity": "15 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].6d<sup>2</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.27", "Molar volume": "19.80 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "2115 K", "Bulk modulus": "54 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "3.0", "Mendeleev no": 47, "Atomic no": 90, "Boiling point": "5093 K", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Brinell hardness": "400 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "11724 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "54 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Thorium", "Atomic mass": 232.03806, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11.0 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "31 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "79 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2490 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Liquid range": "2978 K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "350 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "1.38 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"4": 1.08}, "Atomic radius": 1.8}, "Pt": {"Electrical resistivity": "10.6 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>9</sup>.6s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 5, 6], "Reflectivity": "73 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.38", "Molar volume": "9.09 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.75, "Melting point": "2041.4 K", "Bulk modulus": "230 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "3.5", "Mendeleev no": 68, "Atomic no": 78, "Boiling point": "4098 K", "Common oxidation states": [2, 4], "Brinell hardness": "392 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "21090 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "72 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Platinum", "Atomic mass": 195.084, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "8.8 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "61 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "168 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2680 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.28, "Liquid range": "2056.6 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.77, "Vickers hardness": "549 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.94, "4": 0.765, "5": 0.71}, "Atomic radius": 1.35}, "Pu": {"Electrical resistivity": "150 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>6</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.21", "Molar volume": "12.29 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "912.5 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 43, "Atomic no": 94, "Boiling point": "3503 K", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "19816 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "6 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Plutonium", "Atomic mass": 244.0, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "43 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "96 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2260 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.28, "Liquid range": "2590.5 K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.14, "4": 1.0, "5": 0.88, "6": 0.85}, "Atomic radius": 1.75}, "Mg": {"Electrical resistivity": "4.4 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2], "Reflectivity": "74 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.29", "Molar volume": "14.00 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.73, "Melting point": "923 K", "Bulk modulus": "45 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "2.5", "Mendeleev no": 73, "Atomic no": 12, "Boiling point": "1363 K", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Brinell hardness": "260 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "1738 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "160 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Magnesium", "Atomic mass": 24.305, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "8.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "17 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "45 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "4602 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.31, "Liquid range": "440 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.45, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.86}, "Atomic radius": 1.5}, "Li": {"Electrical resistivity": "9.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "13.02 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.82, "Melting point": "453.69 K", "Bulk modulus": "11 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "0.6", "Mendeleev no": 12, "Atomic no": 3, "Boiling point": "1615 K", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "535 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "85 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "3223 K", "Name": "Lithium", "Atomic mass": 6.941, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "46 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "4.2 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "4.9 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "6000 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 0.98, "Liquid range": "1161.31 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.67, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"1": 0.9}, "Atomic radius": 1.45}, "Pb": {"Electrical resistivity": "21 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>.6p<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-4, 2, 4], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.44", "Molar volume": "18.26 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.02, "Melting point": "600.61 K", "Bulk modulus": "46 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "1.5", "Mendeleev no": 82, "Atomic no": 82, "Boiling point": "2022 K", "Common oxidation states": [2, 4], "Brinell hardness": "38.3 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "11340 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "35 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Lead", "Atomic mass": 207.2, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "28.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "5.6 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "16 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "1260 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.33, "Liquid range": "1421.39 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.54, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "7.2 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.33, "4": 0.915}, "Atomic radius": 1.8}, "Tl": {"Electrical resistivity": "15 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>.6p<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.45", "Molar volume": "17.22 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.96, "Melting point": "577 K", "Bulk modulus": "43 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "1.2", "Mendeleev no": 78, "Atomic no": 81, "Boiling point": "1746 K", "Common oxidation states": [1, 3], "Brinell hardness": "26.4 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "11850 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "46 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Thallium", "Atomic mass": 204.3833, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "29.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "2.8 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "8 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "818 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.62, "Liquid range": "1169 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.56, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "2.38 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.64, "3": 1.025}, "Atomic radius": 1.9}, "Pa": {"Electrical resistivity": "18 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>2</sup>.6d<sup>1</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [3, 4, 5], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "15.18 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1841 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 46, "Atomic no": 91, "Boiling point": "no data K", "Common oxidation states": [5], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "15370 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "47 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Protactinium", "Atomic mass": 231.03588, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.5, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "1.4 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.16, "4": 1.04, "5": 0.92}, "Atomic radius": 1.8}, "Lr": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Lawrencium", "Atomic mass": 262.0, "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>14</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>.7p<sup>1</sup> (tentative)", "Oxidation states": [3], "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Molar volume": "no data cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Refractive index": "no data", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Liquid range": "no data K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Melting point": "about 1900 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 34, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 103, "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Atomic radius": "no data"}, "Pd": {"Electrical resistivity": "10.8 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 4], "Reflectivity": "72 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.39", "Molar volume": "8.56 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.63, "Melting point": "1828.05 K", "Bulk modulus": "180 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "4.75", "Mendeleev no": 69, "Atomic no": 46, "Boiling point": "3236 K", "Common oxidation states": [2, 4], "Brinell hardness": "37.3 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "12023 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "72 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Palladium", "Atomic mass": 106.42, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11.8 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "44 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "121 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3070 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Liquid range": "1407.95 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.69, "Vickers hardness": "461 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"1": 0.73, "2": 1.0, "3": 0.9, "4": 0.755}, "Atomic radius": 1.4}, "Ti": {"Electrical resistivity": "about 40 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>2</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 2, 3, 4], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.32", "Molar volume": "10.64 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1941 K", "Bulk modulus": "110 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "6.0", "Mendeleev no": 51, "Atomic no": 22, "Boiling point": "3560 K", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Brinell hardness": "716 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "4507 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "22 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Titanium", "Atomic mass": 47.867, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "8.6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "44 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "116 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "4140 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.54, "Liquid range": "1619 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.76, "Vickers hardness": "970 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.40 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.0, "3": 0.81, "4": 0.745}, "Atomic radius": 1.4}, "Cd": {"Electrical resistivity": "7 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2], "Reflectivity": "67 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.30", "Molar volume": "13.00 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.58, "Melting point": "594.22 K", "Bulk modulus": "42 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "2.0", "Mendeleev no": 75, "Atomic no": 48, "Boiling point": "1040 K", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Brinell hardness": "203 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "8650 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "97 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Cadmium", "Atomic mass": 112.411, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "30.8 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "19 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "50 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2310 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.69, "Liquid range": "445.78 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.61, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.517 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.09}, "Atomic radius": 1.55}, "Tb": {"Electrical resistivity": "115 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Terbium", "Atomic mass": 158.92535, "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>9</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 3, 4], "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "10.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.26", "Rigidity modulus": "22 GPa", "Molar volume": "19.30 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "56 GPa", "Vickers hardness": "863 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Refractive index": "no data", "Velocity of sound": "2620 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "11 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Liquid range": "1874 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.25, "Melting point": "1629 K", "Bulk modulus": "38.7 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 26, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 65, "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.063, "4": 0.9}, "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Boiling point": "3503 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "677 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "8219 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Atomic radius": 1.75}, "Po": {"Electrical resistivity": "40 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>.6p<sup>4</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 6], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "22.97 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.97, "Melting point": "527 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 91, "Atomic no": 84, "Boiling point": "1235 K", "Common oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "9196 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "20 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Polonium", "Atomic mass": 210.0, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.0, "Liquid range": "708 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.35, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"4": 1.08, "6": 0.81}, "Atomic radius": 1.9}, "Pm": {"Electrical resistivity": "about 75 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Promethium", "Atomic mass": 145.0, "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>5</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [3], "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Rigidity modulus": "18 GPa", "Molar volume": "20.23 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "46 GPa", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Refractive index": "no data", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "15 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Liquid range": "1900 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.05, "Melting point": "1373 K", "Bulk modulus": "33 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 29, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 61, "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.11}, "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Boiling point": "3273 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "7264 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Atomic radius": 1.85}, "Te": {"Electrical resistivity": "about 1000010<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>.5p<sup>4</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 5, 6], "Reflectivity": "50 %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "20.46 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.06, "Melting point": "722.66 K", "Bulk modulus": "65 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "2.25", "Mendeleev no": 92, "Atomic no": 52, "Boiling point": "1261 K", "Common oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 6], "Brinell hardness": "180 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "6240 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "3 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Tellurium", "Atomic mass": 127.6, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "16 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "43 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2610 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.1, "Liquid range": "538.34 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.23, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "1.000991", "Ionic radii": {"4": 1.11, "-2": 2.07, "6": 0.7}, "Atomic radius": 1.4}, "Yb": {"Electrical resistivity": "25.0 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Ytterbium", "Atomic mass": 173.04, "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "26.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.21", "Rigidity modulus": "9.9 GPa", "Molar volume": "24.84 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "24 GPa", "Vickers hardness": "206 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Refractive index": "no data", "Velocity of sound": "1590 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "39 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Liquid range": "372 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.22, "Melting point": "1097 K", "Bulk modulus": "31 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 17, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 70, "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.16, "3": 1.008}, "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Boiling point": "1469 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "343 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "6570 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Atomic radius": 1.75}, "Tc": {"Electrical resistivity": "about 22 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>5</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "8.63 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "2430 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 59, "Atomic no": 43, "Boiling point": "4538 K", "Common oxidation states": [4, 7], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "11500 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "51 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Technetium", "Atomic mass": 98.0, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.9, "Liquid range": "2108 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.83, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "7.8 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.785, "5": 0.74, "7": 0.7}, "Atomic radius": 1.35}, "Ho": {"Electrical resistivity": "81.4 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>11</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.23", "Molar volume": "18.74 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1734 K", "Bulk modulus": "40 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 23, "Atomic no": 67, "Boiling point": "2993 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "746 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "8795 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "16 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Holmium", "Atomic mass": 164.93032, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "11.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "26 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "65 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2760 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.23, "Liquid range": "1259 K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "481 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.041}, "Atomic radius": 1.75}, "Sr": {"Electrical resistivity": "13.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].5s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Molar volume": "33.94 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.49, "Melting point": "1050 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "1.5", "Mendeleev no": 15, "Atomic no": 38, "Boiling point": "1655 K", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "2630 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "35 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Strontium", "Atomic mass": 87.62, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "22.5 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "6.1 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 0.95, "Liquid range": "605 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.19, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.32}, "Atomic radius": 2.0}, "Ta": {"Electrical resistivity": "13.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>3</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Reflectivity": "78 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.34", "Molar volume": "10.85 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "3290 K", "Bulk modulus": "200 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "6.5", "Mendeleev no": 52, "Atomic no": 73, "Boiling point": "5731 K", "Common oxidation states": [5], "Brinell hardness": "800 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "16650 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "57 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Tantalum", "Atomic mass": 180.94788, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "69 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "186 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3400 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.5, "Liquid range": "2441 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.0, "Vickers hardness": "873 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "4.47 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.86, "4": 0.82, "5": 0.78}, "Atomic radius": 1.45}, "Hf": {"Electrical resistivity": "34 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>2</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3, 4], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.37", "Molar volume": "13.44 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "2506 K", "Bulk modulus": "110 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "5.5", "Mendeleev no": 50, "Atomic no": 72, "Boiling point": "4876 K", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Brinell hardness": "1700 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "13310 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "23 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Hafnium", "Atomic mass": 178.49, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "5.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "30 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "78 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3010 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Liquid range": "2370 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.08, "Vickers hardness": "1760 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.128 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.85}, "Atomic radius": 1.55}, "Hg": {"Electrical resistivity": "96 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 4], "Reflectivity": "73 %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "14.09 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.55, "Melting point": "234.32 K", "Bulk modulus": "25 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "1.5", "Mendeleev no": 74, "Atomic no": 80, "Boiling point": "629.88 K", "Common oxidation states": [1, 2], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "8.3 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "1750 K", "Name": "Mercury", "Atomic mass": 200.59, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "1407 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.0, "Liquid range": "395.56 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.71, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "3.95 K", "Refractive index": "1.000933", "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.33, "2": 1.16}, "Atomic radius": 1.5}, "He": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Helium", "Atomic mass": 4.002602, "Electronic structure": "1s<sup>2</sup>", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Molar volume": "21.0 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.4, "Velocity of sound": "970 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.1513 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Liquid range": "3.27 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.31, "Melting point": "0.95 K", "Min oxidation state": 0.0, "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 1, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 2, "Critical temperature": "5.19 K", "Boiling point": "4.22 K", "Refractive index": "1.000035 (gas; liquid 1.028)(no units)", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Max oxidation state": 0.0, "Atomic radius": "no data"}, "Md": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Mendelevium", "Atomic mass": 258.0, "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>13</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Molar volume": "no data cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Refractive index": "no data", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Melting point": "about 1100 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 36, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 101, "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Atomic radius": "no data", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>"}, "C": {"Electrical resistivity": "about 1000 - direction dependent10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>.2p<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4], "Reflectivity": "27 %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "5.29 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.7, "Melting point": "3800 K", "Bulk modulus": "33 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "0.5 (graphite; diamond is 10.0)(no units)", "Mendeleev no": 95, "Atomic no": 6, "Boiling point": "4300 K", "Common oxidation states": [-4, 4], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "2267 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "140 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Carbon", "Atomic mass": 12.0107, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "7.1 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "18350 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.55, "Liquid range": "500 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.67, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "2.417 (diamond)(no units)", "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.3}, "Atomic radius": 0.7}, "I": {"Electrical resistivity": "&gt; 10<sup>15</sup>10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>.5p<sup>5</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 3, 5, 7], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "25.72 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.98, "Melting point": "386.85 K", "Bulk modulus": "7.7 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 97, "Atomic no": 53, "Boiling point": "457.4 K", "Common oxidation states": [-1, 1, 3, 5, 7], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "4940 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.449 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "819 K", "Name": "Iodine", "Atomic mass": 126.90447, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.66, "Liquid range": "70.55 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.15, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"5": 1.09, "-1": 2.06, "7": 0.67}, "Atomic radius": 1.4}, "Mo": {"Electrical resistivity": "5.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>5</sup>.5s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Reflectivity": "58 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.31", "Molar volume": "9.38 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "2896 K", "Bulk modulus": "230 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "5.5", "Mendeleev no": 56, "Atomic no": 42, "Boiling point": "4912 K", "Common oxidation states": [4, 6], "Brinell hardness": "1500 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "10280 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "139 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Molybdenum", "Atomic mass": 95.94, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "4.8 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "20 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "329 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "6190 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.16, "Liquid range": "2016 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.9, "Vickers hardness": "1530 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.915 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.83, "4": 0.79, "5": 0.75, "6": 0.73}, "Atomic radius": 1.45}, "Mn": {"Electrical resistivity": "144 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>5</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "7.35 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Ionic radii ls": {"2": 0.81, "3": 0.72, "4": 0.67, "5": 0.47, "6": 0.395, "7": 0.6}, "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Ionic radii hs": {"2": 0.97, "3": 0.785}, "Melting point": "1519 K", "Bulk modulus": "120 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "6.0", "Mendeleev no": 60, "Atomic no": 25, "Boiling point": "2334 K", "Common oxidation states": [2, 4, 7], "Brinell hardness": "196 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "7470 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "7.8 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Manganese", "Atomic mass": 54.938045, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "21.7 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "198 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "5150 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.55, "Liquid range": "815 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.61, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.97, "3": 0.785}, "Atomic radius": 1.4}, "O": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[He].2s<sup>2</sup>.2p<sup>4</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "17.36 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.52, "Melting point": "54.8 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 101, "Atomic no": 8, "Boiling point": "90.2 K", "Common oxidation states": [-2], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.02658 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "154.6 K", "Name": "Oxygen", "Atomic mass": 15.9994, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "317.5 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 3.44, "Liquid range": "35.4 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.48, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "1.000271 (gas; liquid 1.221)(no units)", "Ionic radii": {"-2": 1.26}, "Atomic radius": 0.6}, "S": {"Electrical resistivity": "&gt; 10<sup>23</sup>10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>.3p<sup>4</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "15.53 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.8, "Melting point": "388.36 K", "Bulk modulus": "7.7 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "2.0", "Mendeleev no": 94, "Atomic no": 16, "Boiling point": "717.87 K", "Common oxidation states": [-2, 2, 4, 6], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "1960 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.205 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "1314 K", "Name": "Sulfur", "Atomic mass": 32.065, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.58, "Liquid range": "329.51 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.88, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "1.001111", "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.51, "-2": 1.7, "6": 0.43}, "Atomic radius": 1.0}, "U": {"Electrical resistivity": "28 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>3</sup>.6d<sup>1</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [3, 4, 5, 6], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.23", "Molar volume": "12.49 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.86, "Melting point": "1405.3 K", "Bulk modulus": "100 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "6.0", "Mendeleev no": 45, "Atomic no": 92, "Boiling point": "4200 K", "Common oxidation states": [6], "Brinell hardness": "2400 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "19050 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "27 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Uranium", "Atomic mass": 238.02891, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "13.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "111 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "208 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3155 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.38, "Liquid range": "2794.7 K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "1960 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.2 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.165, "4": 1.03, "5": 0.9, "6": 0.87}, "Atomic radius": 1.75}, "W": {"Electrical resistivity": "5.4 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>4</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Reflectivity": "62 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Molar volume": "9.47 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "3695 K", "Bulk modulus": "310 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "7.5", "Mendeleev no": 55, "Atomic no": 74, "Boiling point": "5828 K", "Common oxidation states": [4, 6], "Brinell hardness": "2570 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "19250 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "170 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Tungsten", "Atomic mass": 183.84, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "4.5 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "161 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "411 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "5174 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.36, "Liquid range": "2133 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.93, "Vickers hardness": "3430 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.015 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.8, "5": 0.76, "6": 0.74}, "Atomic radius": 1.35}, "Y": {"Electrical resistivity": "about 60 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>1</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.24", "Molar volume": "19.88 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1799 K", "Bulk modulus": "41 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 25, "Atomic no": 39, "Boiling point": "3609 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "589 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "4472 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "17 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Yttrium", "Atomic mass": 88.90585, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "10.6 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "26 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "64 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3300 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.22, "Liquid range": "1810 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.12, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "1.3  (under pressure)K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.04}, "Atomic radius": 1.8}, "Zn": {"Electrical resistivity": "6.0 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2], "Reflectivity": "80 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.25", "Molar volume": "9.16 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.39, "Melting point": "692.68 K", "Bulk modulus": "70 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "2.5", "Mendeleev no": 76, "Atomic no": 30, "Boiling point": "1180 K", "Common oxidation states": [2], "Brinell hardness": "412 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "7140 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "120 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Zinc", "Atomic mass": 65.409, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "30.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "43 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "108 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3700 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.65, "Liquid range": "487.32 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.42, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.85 K", "Refractive index": "1.002050", "Ionic radii": {"2": 0.88}, "Atomic radius": 1.35}, "La": {"Electrical resistivity": "61.5 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].5d<sup>1</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.28", "Molar volume": "22.39 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1193 K", "Bulk modulus": "28 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "2.5", "Mendeleev no": 33, "Atomic no": 57, "Boiling point": "3743 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "363 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "6146 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "13 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Lanthanum", "Atomic mass": 138.90547, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "12.1 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "14 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "37 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2475 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.1, "Liquid range": "2550 K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "491 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "6.00 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.172}, "Atomic radius": 1.95}, "Ag": {"Electrical resistivity": "1.63 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Reflectivity": "97 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.37", "Molar volume": "10.27 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.72, "Melting point": "1234.93 K", "Bulk modulus": "100 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "2.5", "Mendeleev no": 71, "Atomic no": 47, "Boiling point": "2435 K", "Common oxidation states": [1], "Brinell hardness": "24.5 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "10490 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "430 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Silver", "Atomic mass": 107.8682, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "18.9 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "30 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "83 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2600 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.93, "Liquid range": "1200.07 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.65, "Vickers hardness": "251 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.29, "2": 1.08, "3": 0.89}, "Atomic radius": 1.6}, "Kr": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Krypton", "Atomic mass": 83.798, "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>.4p<sup>6</sup>", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Molar volume": "27.99 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 2.02, "Velocity of sound": "1120 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 3.0, "Liquid range": "4.14 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.88, "Melting point": "115.79 K", "Min oxidation state": 0.0, "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 4, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 36, "Critical temperature": "209.4 K", "Boiling point": "119.93 K", "Refractive index": "1.000427", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Max oxidation state": 0.0, "Atomic radius": "no data", "Thermal conductivity": "0.00943 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>"}, "Ir": {"Electrical resistivity": "4.7 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>7</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Reflectivity": "78 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.26", "Molar volume": "8.52 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "2739 K", "Bulk modulus": "320 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "6.5", "Mendeleev no": 66, "Atomic no": 77, "Boiling point": "4701 K", "Common oxidation states": [3, 4], "Brinell hardness": "1670 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "22650 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "150 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Iridium", "Atomic mass": 192.217, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "6.4 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "210 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "528 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "4825 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.2, "Liquid range": "1962 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.8, "Vickers hardness": "1760 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.11 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.82, "4": 0.765, "5": 0.71}, "Atomic radius": 1.35}, "Am": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>7</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "17.63 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1449 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 42, "Atomic no": 95, "Boiling point": "2880 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "10 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Americium", "Atomic mass": 243.0, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Liquid range": "1431 K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.6 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.4, "3": 1.115, "4": 0.99}, "Atomic radius": 1.75}, "Al": {"Electrical resistivity": "2.7 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>.3p<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 3], "Reflectivity": "71 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.35", "Molar volume": "10.00 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.84, "Melting point": "933.47 K", "Bulk modulus": "76 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "2.75", "Mendeleev no": 80, "Atomic no": 13, "Boiling point": "2792 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "245 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "2700 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "235 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Aluminum", "Atomic mass": 26.9815386, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "23.1 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "26 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "70 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "5100 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.61, "Liquid range": "1858.53 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.18, "Vickers hardness": "167 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "1.175 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.675}, "Atomic radius": 1.25}, "As": {"Electrical resistivity": "33 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Ar].3d<sup>10</sup>.4s<sup>2</sup>.4p<sup>3</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-3, 2, 3, 5], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "12.95 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.85, "Melting point": "1090 K", "Bulk modulus": "22 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "3.5", "Mendeleev no": 89, "Atomic no": 33, "Boiling point": "887 K", "Common oxidation states": [-3, 3, 5], "Brinell hardness": "1440 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "5727 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "50 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "1700 K", "Name": "Arsenic", "Atomic mass": 74.9216, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "8 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.18, "Liquid range": "203 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.14, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "1.001552", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.72, "5": 0.6}, "Atomic radius": 1.15}, "Ar": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Argon", "Atomic mass": 39.948, "Electronic structure": "[Ne].3s<sup>2</sup>.3p<sup>6</sup>", "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Molar volume": "22.56 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.88, "Velocity of sound": "319 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "0.01772 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Liquid range": "3.5 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 0.71, "Melting point": "83.8 K", "Min oxidation state": 0.0, "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 3, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 18, "Critical temperature": "150.8 K", "Boiling point": "87.3 K", "Refractive index": "1.000281", "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Max oxidation state": 0.0, "Atomic radius": 0.71}, "Au": {"Electrical resistivity": "2.2 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>14</sup>.5d<sup>10</sup>.6s<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [-1, 1, 2, 3, 5], "Reflectivity": "95 %", "Poissons ratio": "0.44", "Molar volume": "10.21 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.66, "Melting point": "1337.33 K", "Bulk modulus": "220 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "2.5", "Mendeleev no": 70, "Atomic no": 79, "Boiling point": "3129 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "2450 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "19300 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "320 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Gold", "Atomic mass": 196.966569, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "14.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "27 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "78 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "1740 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 2.54, "Liquid range": "1791.67 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.74, "Vickers hardness": "216 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"1": 1.51, "3": 0.99, "5": 0.71}, "Atomic radius": 1.35}, "Es": {"Electrical resistivity": "no data 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Einsteinium", "Atomic mass": 252.0, "Electronic structure": "[Rn].5f<sup>11</sup>.7s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "no data x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Molar volume": "28.52 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "no data GPa", "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Refractive index": "no data", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.3, "Liquid range": "no data K", "Atomic radius calculated": "no data", "Melting point": "1133 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 38, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 99, "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Boiling point": "no data K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "no data kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Atomic radius": "no data", "Thermal conductivity": "no data W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>"}, "In": {"Electrical resistivity": "8 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>10</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>.5p<sup>1</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "no data", "Molar volume": "15.76 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": 1.93, "Melting point": "429.75 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "1.2", "Mendeleev no": 79, "Atomic no": 49, "Boiling point": "2345 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "8.83 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "7310 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "82 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Indium", "Atomic mass": 114.818, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "32.1 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "no data GPa", "Youngs modulus": "11 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "1215 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.78, "Liquid range": "1915.25 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 1.56, "Vickers hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "3.41 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 0.94}, "Atomic radius": 1.55}, "Eu": {"Electrical resistivity": "90 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Name": "Europium", "Atomic mass": 151.964, "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>7</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "35 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.15", "Rigidity modulus": "7.9 GPa", "Molar volume": "28.97 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Youngs modulus": "18 GPa", "Vickers hardness": "167 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Refractive index": "no data", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "14 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Liquid range": "701 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.31, "Melting point": "1099 K", "Bulk modulus": "8.3 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 18, "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Atomic no": 63, "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.31, "3": 1.087}, "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Boiling point": "1800 K", "Common oxidation states": [2, 3], "Brinell hardness": "no data MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "5244 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Atomic radius": 1.85}, "Tm": {"Electrical resistivity": "67.6 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>13</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [2, 3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.21", "Molar volume": "19.1 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1818 K", "Bulk modulus": "45 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 21, "Atomic no": 69, "Boiling point": "2223 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "471 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "9321 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "17 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Thulium", "Atomic mass": 168.93421, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "13.3 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "31 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "74 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "no data m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.25, "Liquid range": "405 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.22, "Vickers hardness": "520 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"2": 1.17, "3": 1.02}, "Atomic radius": 1.75}, "Zr": {"Electrical resistivity": "43.3 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Kr].4d<sup>2</sup>.5s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [1, 2, 3, 4], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.34", "Molar volume": "14.02 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "2128 K", "Bulk modulus": "no data GPa", "Mineral hardness": "5.0", "Mendeleev no": 49, "Atomic no": 40, "Boiling point": "4682 K", "Common oxidation states": [4], "Brinell hardness": "650 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "6511 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "23 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Zirconium", "Atomic mass": 91.224, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "5.7 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "33 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "68 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "3800 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.33, "Liquid range": "2554 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.06, "Vickers hardness": "903 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "0.61 K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"4": 0.86}, "Atomic radius": 1.55}, "Er": {"Electrical resistivity": "86.0 10<sup>-8</sup> &Omega; m", "Electronic structure": "[Xe].4f<sup>12</sup>.6s<sup>2</sup>", "Oxidation states": [3], "Reflectivity": "no data %", "Poissons ratio": "0.24", "Molar volume": "18.46 cm<sup>3</sup>", "Van der waals radius": "no data", "Melting point": "1802 K", "Bulk modulus": "44 GPa", "Mineral hardness": "no data", "Mendeleev no": 22, "Atomic no": 68, "Boiling point": "3141 K", "Common oxidation states": [3], "Brinell hardness": "814 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Density of solid": "9066 kg m<sup>-3</sup>", "Thermal conductivity": "15 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>", "Critical temperature": "no data K", "Name": "Erbium", "Atomic mass": 167.259, "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion": "12.2 x10<sup>-6</sup>K<sup>-1</sup>", "Rigidity modulus": "28 GPa", "Youngs modulus": "70 GPa", "Velocity of sound": "2830 m s<sup>-1</sup>", "X": 1.24, "Liquid range": "1371 K", "Atomic radius calculated": 2.26, "Vickers hardness": "589 MN m<sup>-2</sup>", "Superconduction temperature": "no data K", "Refractive index": "no data", "Ionic radii": {"3": 1.03}, "Atomic radius": 1.75}}