5.3 KiB
GPT-NeoX
Overview
We introduce GPT-NeoX-20B, a 20 billion parameter autoregressive language model trained on the Pile, whose weights will be made freely and openly available to the public through a permissive license. It is, to the best of our knowledge, the largest dense autoregressive model that has publicly available weights at the time of submission. In this work, we describe GPT-NeoX-20B's architecture and training and evaluate its performance on a range of language-understanding, mathematics, and knowledge-based tasks. We find that GPT-NeoX-20B is a particularly powerful few-shot reasoner and gains far more in performance when evaluated five-shot than similarly sized GPT-3 and FairSeq models. We open-source the training and evaluation code, as well as the model weights, at https://github.com/EleutherAI/gpt-neox.
Development of the model was led by Sid Black, Stella Biderman and Eric Hallahan, and the model was trained with generous the support of CoreWeave.
GPT-NeoX-20B was trained with fp16, thus it is recommended to initialize the model as follows:
model = GPTNeoXForCausalLM.from_pretrained("EleutherAI/gpt-neox-20b").half().cuda()
GPT-NeoX-20B also has a different tokenizer from the one used in GPT-J-6B and GPT-Neo. The new tokenizer allocates additional tokens to whitespace characters, making the model more suitable for certain tasks like code generation.
Usage example
The generate() method can be used to generate text using GPT Neo model.
>>> from transformers import GPTNeoXForCausalLM, GPTNeoXTokenizerFast
>>> model = GPTNeoXForCausalLM.from_pretrained("EleutherAI/gpt-neox-20b")
>>> tokenizer = GPTNeoXTokenizerFast.from_pretrained("EleutherAI/gpt-neox-20b")
>>> prompt = "GPTNeoX20B is a 20B-parameter autoregressive Transformer model developed by EleutherAI."
>>> input_ids = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt").input_ids
>>> gen_tokens = model.generate(
... input_ids,
... do_sample=True,
... temperature=0.9,
... max_length=100,
... )
>>> gen_text = tokenizer.batch_decode(gen_tokens)[0]
Using Flash Attention 2
Flash Attention 2 is an faster, optimized version of the model.
Installation
First, check whether your hardware is compatible with Flash Attention 2. The latest list of compatible hardware can be found in the official documentation. If your hardware is not compatible with Flash Attention 2, you can still benefit from attention kernel optimisations through Better Transformer support covered above.
Next, install the latest version of Flash Attention 2:
pip install -U flash-attn --no-build-isolation
Usage
To load a model using Flash Attention 2, we can pass the argument attn_implementation="flash_attention_2" to .from_pretrained. We'll also load the model in half-precision (e.g. torch.float16), since it results in almost no degradation to audio quality but significantly lower memory usage and faster inference:
>>> from transformers import GPTNeoXForCausalLM, GPTNeoXTokenizerFast
model = GPTNeoXForCausalLM.from_pretrained("EleutherAI/gpt-neox-20b", torch_dtype=torch.float16, attn_implementation="flash_attention_2").to(device)
...
Expected speedups
Below is an expected speedup diagram that compares pure inference time between the native implementation in transformers using stockmark/gpt-neox-japanese-1.4b checkpoint and the Flash Attention 2 version of the model using a sequence length of 2048.
Resources
GPTNeoXConfig
autodoc GPTNeoXConfig
GPTNeoXTokenizerFast
autodoc GPTNeoXTokenizerFast
GPTNeoXModel
autodoc GPTNeoXModel - forward
GPTNeoXForCausalLM
autodoc GPTNeoXForCausalLM - forward
GPTNeoXForQuestionAnswering
autodoc GPTNeoXForQuestionAnswering - forward
GPTNeoXForSequenceClassification
autodoc GPTNeoXForSequenceClassification - forward
GPTNeoXForTokenClassification
autodoc GPTNeoXForTokenClassification - forward