578 lines
22 KiB
Python
578 lines
22 KiB
Python
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<!--
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- Copyright (C) 2015-2017 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
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-
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- This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
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- License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
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- file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
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-->
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
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<title>mdig</title>
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<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1">
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</head>
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<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry">
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<a name="man.mdig"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
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<div class="refnamediv">
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<h2>Name</h2>
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<p>
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<span class="application">mdig</span>
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— DNS pipelined lookup utility
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
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<h2>Synopsis</h2>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p>
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<code class="command">mdig</code>
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{@server}
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[<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>]
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[<code class="option">-h</code>]
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[<code class="option">-v</code>]
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[
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[<code class="option">-4</code>]
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| [<code class="option">-6</code>]
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]
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[<code class="option">-m</code>]
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[<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></code>]
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[<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port#</code></em></code>]
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[<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>]
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[<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>]
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[<code class="option">-i</code>]
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[<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></code>]
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[plusopt...]
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</p></div>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p>
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<code class="command">mdig</code>
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{-h}
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</p></div>
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<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p>
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<code class="command">mdig</code>
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[@server]
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{global-opt...}
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{
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{local-opt...}
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{query}
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...}
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</p></div>
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</div>
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<div class="refsection">
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<a name="id-1.7"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
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<p><span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span>
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is a multiple/pipelined query version of <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>:
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instead of waiting for a response after sending each query,
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it begins by sending all queries. Responses are displayed in
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the order in which they are received, not in the order the
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corresponding queries were sent.
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</p>
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<p>
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<span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> options are a subset of the
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<span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> options, and are divided into "anywhere
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options" which can occur anywhere, "global options" which must
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occur before the query name (or they are ignored with a warning),
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and "local options" which apply to the next query on the command
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line.
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</p>
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<p>
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The {@server} option is a mandatory global
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option. It is the name or IP address of the name server to query.
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(Unlike <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>, this value is not retrieved from
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<code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>.) It can be an IPv4 address
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in dotted-decimal notation, an IPv6 address in colon-delimited
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notation, or a hostname. When the supplied
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<em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is a hostname,
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<span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> resolves that name before querying
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the name server.
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</p>
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<p><span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span>
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provides a number of query options which affect
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the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of
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these set or reset flag bits in the query header, some determine which
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sections of the answer get printed, and others determine the timeout
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and retry strategies.
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</p>
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<p>
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Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus
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sign (<code class="literal">+</code>). Some keywords set or reset an
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option. These may be preceded by the string <code class="literal">no</code>
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to negate the meaning of that keyword. Other keywords assign
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values to options like the timeout interval. They have the
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form <code class="option">+keyword=value</code>.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsection">
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<a name="id-1.8"></a><h2>ANYWHERE OPTIONS</h2>
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<p>
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The <code class="option">-f</code> option makes <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span>
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operate in batch mode by reading a list of lookup requests to
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process from the file <em class="parameter"><code>filename</code></em>. The file
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contains a number of queries, one per line. Each entry in the
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file should be organized in the same way they would be presented
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as queries to <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> using the command-line interface.
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</p>
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<p>
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The <code class="option">-h</code> causes <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> to
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print the detailed help with the full list of options and exit.
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</p>
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<p>
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The <code class="option">-v</code> causes <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> to
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print the version number and exit.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsection">
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<a name="id-1.9"></a><h2>GLOBAL OPTIONS</h2>
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<p>
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The <code class="option">-4</code> option forces <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> to
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only use IPv4 query transport.
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</p>
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<p>
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The <code class="option">-6</code> option forces <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> to
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only use IPv6 query transport.
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</p>
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<p>
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The <code class="option">-b</code> option sets the source IP address of the
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query to <em class="parameter"><code>address</code></em>. This must be a valid
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address on one of the host's network interfaces or "0.0.0.0" or
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"::". An optional port may be specified by appending
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"#<port>"
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</p>
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<p>
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The <code class="option">-m</code> option enables memory usage debugging.
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</p>
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<p>
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The <code class="option">-p</code> option is used when a non-standard port
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number is to be queried.
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<em class="parameter"><code>port#</code></em> is the port number
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that <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> will send its queries instead of
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the standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used to
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test a name server that has been configured to listen for
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queries on a non-standard port number.
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</p>
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<p>
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The global query options are:
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</p>
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<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]additional</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Display [do not display] the additional section of a
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reply. The default is to display it.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]all</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Set or clear all display flags.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]answer</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Display [do not display] the answer section of a
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reply. The default is to display it.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]authority</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Display [do not display] the authority section of a
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reply. The default is to display it.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]besteffort</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Attempt to display the contents of messages which are
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malformed. The default is to not display malformed
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answers.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cl</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the
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record.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]comments</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Toggle the display of comment lines in the output.
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The default is to print comments.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]continue</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Continue on errors (e.g. timeouts).
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]crypto</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Toggle the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC
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records. The contents of these field are unnecessary
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to debug most DNSSEC validation failures and removing
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them makes it easier to see the common failures. The
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default is to display the fields. When omitted they
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are replaced by the string "[omitted]" or in the
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DNSKEY case the key id is displayed as the replacement,
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e.g. "[ key id = value ]".
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+dscp[=value]</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Set the DSCP code point to be used when sending the
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query. Valid DSCP code points are in the range
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[0..63]. By default no code point is explicitly set.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]multiline</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Print records like the SOA records in a verbose
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multi-line format with human-readable comments. The
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default is to print each record on a single line, to
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facilitate machine parsing of the <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span>
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output.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]question</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Print [do not print] the question section of a query
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when an answer is returned. The default is to print
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the question section as a comment.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]rrcomments</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Toggle the display of per-record comments in the
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output (for example, human-readable key information
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about DNSKEY records). The default is not to print
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record comments unless multiline mode is active.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]short</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the
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answer in a verbose form.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+split=W</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource
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records into chunks of <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em>
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characters (where <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em> is rounded
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up to the nearest multiple of 4).
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<em class="parameter"><code>+nosplit</code></em> or
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<em class="parameter"><code>+split=0</code></em> causes fields not to
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be split at all. The default is 56 characters, or
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44 characters when multiline mode is active.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]tcp</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The
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default behavior is to use UDP.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ttlid</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the
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record.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ttlunits</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Display [do not display] the TTL in friendly human-readable
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time units of "s", "m", "h", "d", and "w", representing
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seconds, minutes, hours, days and weeks. Implies +ttlid.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]vc</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This
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alternate syntax to <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]tcp</code></em>
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is provided for backwards compatibility. The "vc"
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stands for "virtual circuit".
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl></div>
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<p>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="refsection">
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<a name="id-1.10"></a><h2>LOCAL OPTIONS</h2>
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<p>
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The <code class="option">-c</code> option sets the query class to
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<em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>. It can be any valid query class
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which is supported in BIND 9. The default query class is "IN".
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</p>
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<p>
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The <code class="option">-t</code> option sets the query type to
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<em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>. It can be any valid query type
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which is supported in BIND 9. The default query type is "A",
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unless the <code class="option">-x</code> option is supplied to indicate
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a reverse lookup with the "PTR" query type.
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</p>
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<p>
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The <code class="option">-i</code> option sets the reverse domain for
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IPv6 addresses to IP6.INT.
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</p>
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<p>
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Reverse lookups — mapping addresses to names — are
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simplified by the <code class="option">-x</code> option.
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<em class="parameter"><code>addr</code></em> is an IPv4
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address in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address.
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<span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> automatically performs a lookup for a
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query name like <code class="literal">11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa</code> and
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sets the query type and class to PTR and IN respectively.
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By default, IPv6 addresses are looked up using nibble format
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under the IP6.ARPA domain. To use the older RFC1886 method
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using the IP6.INT domain specify the <code class="option">-i</code> option.
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</p>
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<p>
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The local query options are:
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</p>
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<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaflag</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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A synonym for <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]aaonly</code></em>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaonly</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Sets the "aa" flag in the query.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]adflag</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the
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query. This requests the server to return whether
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all of the answer and authority sections have all
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been validated as secure according to the security
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policy of the server. AD=1 indicates that all records
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have been validated as secure and the answer is not
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from a OPT-OUT range. AD=0 indicate that some part
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of the answer was insecure or not validated. This
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bit is set by default.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+bufsize=B</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0
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to <em class="parameter"><code>B</code></em> bytes. The maximum and
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minimum sizes of this buffer are 65535 and 0 respectively.
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Values outside this range are rounded up or down
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appropriately. Values other than zero will cause a
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EDNS query to be sent.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cdflag</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in
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the query. This requests the server to not perform
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DNSSEC validation of responses.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cookie[<span class="optional">=####</span>]</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Send a COOKIE EDNS option, with optional value.
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Replaying a COOKIE from a previous response will allow
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the server to identify a previous client. The default
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is <code class="option">+nocookie</code>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]dnssec</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Requests DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC
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OK bit (DO) in the OPT record in the additional section
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of the query.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]edns[=#]</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Specify the EDNS version to query with. Valid values
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are 0 to 255. Setting the EDNS version will cause
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a EDNS query to be sent. <code class="option">+noedns</code>
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clears the remembered EDNS version. EDNS is set to
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0 by default.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ednsflags[=#]</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Set the must-be-zero EDNS flags bits (Z bits) to the
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specified value. Decimal, hex and octal encodings are
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accepted. Setting a named flag (e.g. DO) will silently be
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ignored. By default, no Z bits are set.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ednsopt[=code[:value]]</code></span></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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Specify EDNS option with code point <code class="option">code</code>
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and optionally payload of <code class="option">value</code> as a
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hexadecimal string. <code class="option">+noednsopt</code>
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clears the EDNS options to be sent.
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</p>
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|
</dd>
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]expire</code></span></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Send an EDNS Expire option.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]nsid</code></span></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending
|
|
a query.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]recurse</code></span></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit
|
|
in the query. This bit is set by default, which means
|
|
<span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> normally sends recursive
|
|
queries.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+retry=T</code></span></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to
|
|
server to <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the
|
|
default, 2. Unlike <em class="parameter"><code>+tries</code></em>,
|
|
this does not include the initial query.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]subnet=addr[/prefix-length]</code></span></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Send (don't send) an EDNS Client Subnet option with the
|
|
specified IP address or network prefix.
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<span class="command"><strong>mdig +subnet=0.0.0.0/0</strong></span>, or simply
|
|
<span class="command"><strong>mdig +subnet=0</strong></span> for short, sends an EDNS
|
|
client-subnet option with an empty address and a source
|
|
prefix-length of zero, which signals a resolver that
|
|
the client's address information must
|
|
<span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> be used when resolving
|
|
this query.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+timeout=T</code></span></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Sets the timeout for a query to
|
|
<em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> seconds. The default
|
|
timeout is 5 seconds for UDP transport and 10 for TCP.
|
|
An attempt to set <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> to less
|
|
than 1 will result
|
|
in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+tries=T</code></span></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server
|
|
to <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the default,
|
|
3. If <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> is less than or equal
|
|
to zero, the number of tries is silently rounded up
|
|
to 1.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+udptimeout=T</code></span></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Sets the timeout between UDP query retries.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]unknownformat</code></span></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Print all RDATA in unknown RR type presentation format
|
|
(RFC 3597). The default is to print RDATA for known types
|
|
in the type's presentation format.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]zflag</code></span></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Set [do not set] the last unassigned DNS header flag in a
|
|
DNS query. This flag is off by default.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl></div>
|
|
<p>
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="refsection">
|
|
<a name="id-1.11"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="citerefentry">
|
|
<span class="refentrytitle">dig</span>(1)
|
|
</span>,
|
|
<em class="citetitle">RFC1035</em>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div></body>
|
|
</html>
|